Augmented reality (AR) is a technology that layers digital content onto a user’s view of the real world, thus providing an augmented view.

4D is a branch of effects that exist in the real world in a physical form. For example, wind or water sprays.

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a process for creating and managing information on a construction project across the project lifecycle. One of the key outputs of this process is the Building Information Model, the digital description of every aspect of the built asset.

Computer Aided Design (CAD) is software that can be used in 2D or 3D design often used by architects, mechanics, inventors, engineers and designers.

Gaming engine is a software framework designed for the creation and development of video games. Developers use them to create games and real world scenarios for apps for mobile devices, PCs and consoles.

Gaze control is the ability to recognise and interpret directional changes of gaze in order to initiate pre-programmed computer actions.

Gesture control is the ability to recognise and interpret movements of the human body in order to interact with and control a computer system without direct physical contact.

Graphical User Interface (GUI) is a user interface that includes graphical elements, such as windows, icons and buttons.

Haptic is the science of applying touch (tactile) sensation and control to interaction with computer applications.

Heads-up display (HUD) is any transparent display that presents data without requiring users to look away from their usual viewpoints.

Head mounted display is a display device that is mounted in front of one (monocular HMD), or each eye (binocular HMD), primarily worn on the head or as part of a helmet.

Head tracking is a technology that enables VR software to determine where the user’s head is in a predefined space. Often used for movement within virtual 3D worlds.

Latency is the amount of time a packet of data (or message) takes to traverse a system. Seen commonly as a measure of computer network performance.

Mixed reality (MR) is the merging of real and virtual worlds to produce new environments and visualizations where physical and digital objects co-exist and interact in real time.

Virtual reality (VR) is a computer-generated simulation of a 3D environment that puts the user inside the experience giving a greater sense of immersion. Commonly viewed through the use of head mounted displays and larger immersive displays surrounding the user,  the user interacts with the scenario by means of tracked sensors such as gaze control, wands, tread mills, driving equipment, gloves fitted with sensors etc.